What is homovanillic acid?

Homovanillic acid (HVA) is a major metabolite of dopamine, a neurotransmitter in the brain. It is produced when dopamine is broken down by the enzyme monoamine oxidase. HVA levels in the body can provide information about the activity of the dopamine system and are often used as a biomarker in neurological and psychiatric disorders.

Elevated levels of HVA are associated with conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and Parkinson's disease. In contrast, decreased levels of HVA have been observed in disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and depression.

HVA levels can be measured in urine, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid as part of diagnostic testing for certain conditions. Treatment options may vary depending on the underlying cause of abnormal HVA levels.

Overall, HVA is an important compound in the study of brain function and can provide valuable insights into the pathophysiology and treatment of various neurological and psychiatric disorders.